Route 2
The Central-Med Passages
Locations: Sfax, Chebba, Mahdia, Kerkennah Islands (Tunisia), Libya, Mazara del Vallo, Borgo Mezzanone, Lampedusa (Italy).
The research unfolded as an attempt to interpret the fragile architectures of solidarity along the routes of movement, placing at its core:
a) the nexus between labour exploitation in the agro-industrial sector and the emergence of safe spaces along the route;
b) the cultural and artistic production among travellers and the circulation of collective imaginaries;
c) the embedding of migration routes in layered economic and cultural patterns
d) the social construction of border crossing, and the forms of solidarity among adventurers;
e) the organisation of solidarity at sea and the role of the civil fleet;
f) the counter-dictionary and the subaltern languages of the Central Mediterranean passages.
From a methodological perspective, the research relied on multi-sited ethnography, as well as art-based and participative methods (delivering cultural objects in the following artistic sectors: music and cinema).
Researchers
Camille Cassarini, Nadia Chaouch, Paolo Cuttitta, Enrico Fravega, Georges Kouagang, Luca Queirolo Palmas, Filippo Torre.Artists involved
Massimo Cannarella, Filippo QuagliaSupporting Associations
Scuola Fatoma (Borgo Mezzanone, Italy), Nonsolovela (Tanimar), The Routes JournalOutcomes
Articles
Tunisia: borders, migration, solidarity. A country report
P. Cuttitta, N. Chaouch - Intrasformazione: Rivista Di Storia Delle Idee
Of land and sea. “Interested solidarities” and the migration industry from below
Ivan Bonnin, Enrico Fravega, and Luca Queirolo Palmas - Mondi Migranti, 2/2024
Who are the Smugglers? Ethnography on Mobility Facilitation Practices at the Sfax and Ventimiglia Borders
Amigoni, L., Bonnin, I. - Crit Crim (2025) 89 - 108
Solidarity Among People on the Move: Migrants and Refugees as a Key Feature of Border Abolitionism
I. Bonnin, I. Oubad - 2025, English Language Notes, 63(1), 47-66.
Between the Sea and a Hard Place: Encounters with Sub-Saharan African Migration in Sfax in Mid-2023
N. Dines, M. Lovato, D. Brotherton - Critical Criminology
Inside the Pushback Apparatus in Tunisia: Countering Mobility, Extracting its Value and Manufacturing Infrastructures of Solidarity
L.Q. Palmas, C. Cassarini - Crit Crim (2025) 33, 33–52
Migration prohibition at the Tunisian-Italian border: Stratification of sea journeys and (in)visibilisation of migrants
Giliberti, L., & Torre, F. - (2025). . Mondi Migranti, 3.
Il Mediterraneo centrale come campo di battaglia: Diario etnografico di un imbarco con la Civil Fleet
Derosas, R., & Queirolo Palmas, L. - (2025) Mondi Migranti, 3.
Unsettling Solidarity: Towards a Materialistic Approach to Border Transgression
I. Bonnin, C. Cassarini, P. Cuttitta, G. Kouagang, I. Oubad, L. Q. Palmas, F. Rahola - Soft Power: Revista euro-americana de teoría e historia de la política y del derecho, 11(1). January-June 2024.
Autonomous Migrant Mobilisations in Libya and (Counter-)Externalisation:Transnational Spatial Configurations of Solidarity
P. Cuttitta - ACME: An International Journal for Critical Geographies, 2025
Il movimento “Refugees in Libya”. Spazi trans-mediterranei di solidarietà
P. Cuttitta - G. Messina, E. Nicosia e C.M. Porto (a cura di), Oltre la globalizzazione – Sud/South, Società di Studi Geografici, Firenze, pp. 785-790
Reports
Tunisian Deportees. The challenge of reintegration and the limit of solidarity
- 2024, ERC AdG SolRoutes Antena Node Report
The presence of sub-Saharan migrants in Sfax. State repression, local dynamic and strategies to cope with the tension.
N. Chaouch - 2024, ERC AdG SolRoutes Report
Informal Solidarity in Libya
P. Cuttitta - 2024, ERC AdG SolRoutes Report
Self-organised forms of protestand mobilisation of migrants in Libya
P. Cuttitta - 2024, ERC AdG SolRoutes Report
Films and other artistic works
Sofferendo [Song]
FJ. Bacem, N. Chaouch - (2025) SOLROUTES – Laboratorio di Sociologia Visuale
Tra terra e mare [Film]
Cannarella, M. - (2025) SOLROUTES – MOBS – Laboratorio di Sociologia Visuale (Università di Genova)
Tanimar, crocevia mediterraneo [Film]
Milotta, A. - (2023) MOBS – SOLROUTES – Laboratorio di Sociologia Visuale (Università di Genova).
Tanimar TuniS: La lunga estate dell’anarchia [Film]
Milotta, A. - (2025). MOBS – SOLROUTES – Laboratorio di Sociologia Visuale (Università di Genova).






